P2P TV Streams
The term P2PTV refers to peer-to-peer software applications designed to redistribute video streams or files on a p2p network, typically TV stations across the world. The draw to these applications is significant because they have the potential to make every TV channel in the world global. The benefit of using peer-to-peer technology is similar to that of standard peer-to-peer software. Each user, while downloading, is also uploading, thus contributing to the overall available bandwidth. The video quality of the channels typically depends on how many users are watching; the video quality is better if there are more users. Similarly, downloading video is faster if there are more users.
Many P2PTV applications make use of the BitTorrent technology.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing has become increasingly popular, accounting for as much as 70% of Internet traffic by some estimates. Recently, we have been witnessing the emergence of a new class of popular P2P applications, namely, P2P audio, and video streaming.
While traditional P2P file distribution applications target elastic data transfers, P2P streaming focuses on the efficient delivery of audio and video content under tight timing requirements. Still in its infancy, both live and on-demand P2P streaming have the potential of changing the way we watch TV, providing ubiquitous access to a vast number of channels, personalizing your TV experience, and enabling roaming TV services.
To date, a number of architectures have been suggested by using either the tree-based push approach (e.g., Narada and SplitStream) or the mesh-based pull approach (e.g. CoolStream). Further improvements are possible by taking advantage of advanced source and channel coding techniques such as layered coding, multiple description codes, fountain codes, and network coding.
Given the initial success of P2P live streaming, questions still remain about how to extend the existing peer-to-peer systems to support advanced applications with more stringent requirements such as video-on-demand services.
Furthermore, with incipient deployment of IPTV systems, there are still interesting open research challenges on how P2P media streaming can complement IPTV systems, providing advanced VOD features, and enabling access to a larger selection of content.
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